Society and Culture: Venezuela and some World’s English Speaking Countries; Scotland, Wales, United States of America.
Venezuela’s Literature is focused on almost the same genre of all the rest literature works in the world like drama, love, tragedy, fiction, romance and so on. The most important literature writer of the nation is called Romulo Gallego and one of his main work is “Dona Barbara” that is a story about a very fighter woman with a strong personality that identifies most of the people placed inside the country, adding some main poets
In addition to Venezuelan country’s features, it is important to mention that there is a variety of architecture and sculptures there which are recognize around the world some of them are: Government Building in Caracas; The New City Hall (1933) by Gustavo Wallis, The Ministry of Public Works (1934-35) by Carlos Guinand Sandoz; and the Museum of Fine Arts (1935-36) by Carlos Raul Villanueva. Carlos Raul Villanueva is an architect besides he is still the father of Venezuelan modern architecture however he is already dead and his best architecture works known in the country are buildings for the Ciudad Universitaria; The Big Caracas such as: The Olimpic Stadium (1951); The Auditorium (“Aula Magna”) and the covered plaza (“Plaza Cubierta”) both 1952 and 1953; and of course The School of Architecture built in 1957. This works are icons of the Caracas city even in the country they are one of the best architecture works during years and years.
For me, the best singer of Traditional Music in Venezuela is Simon Diaz and also he has been a great composer of this kind of music, one of his best single is known as “Caballo Viejo” there is another one that specially you can feel the Venezuelan Plain Lands “La Vaca Mariposa” which is a very interesting and beautiful Diaz’s song. Traditional music in the country is played just with three typical instruments of the nation and they are: “Arpa, Cuatro, Maracas” they are in all the typical parties of the country, this is a very common behavior in Venezuela going to the typical parties for listening to their favorite singers and dancing Venezuelan music until dawn of course eating beef meat and drinking Beers too much beers. Others composers from Venezuela are: Antonio Estevez and Vicente Emilio Sojo.
Moreover, it is important to mention that in Venezuela, there is a Venezuela Simon Bolivar founded by Jose Antonio Abreu “El Maestro Abreu” who is the Orchestra’s first director and its founder in 1975, besides he has achieved many international awards such as: Asturias Prince First Category, A very good reception in The United States and in The United Kingdom; nowadays This National Symphony has a director called “Gustavo Dudamel“ he has been the artistic director since 1991 who is named the best one of the world and also he has got many awards in the world because of his works, today he is living in U.S.A. working with the Symphony Orchestras in Los Angeles L.A. and in New York City both are ahead of the main orchestras players worldwide. Next Teresa Carreno Theater is the players’ cultural complex home and this is the main cultural institution in Venezuela located in the Capital city.
The movie in Venezuela,…. and one of the main person who is recognized by its great films in the Venezuela Cinema is named Cesar Bolivar, he is a national director of films produced in the country and it is important to mention one of its great movies like: “Secuestro Express”, “Hermano” and some others, the most of his pictures are based on the own social, ecomnomy, politics situation of the country making an emphasis in the way about how people lives in the cities; their beliefs, jobs and so on.
In Venezuela, there is a wide of culture diversity that identifies its population, customs, habits, social behavior, traditions, music, festivities, food, sports and religions that is found in all across the country. Venezuela is located in the southern of American Continent and that is one of the reason of its way of life in the town so it means the food the most typical one there is named: “Pabellon Criollo” which is made with rise, black peas, bananas and meat; in some places such as: the northern of the country, it is actually common to have for meals seafood like: shrimp, fish, lamp, mussel and so on; Shellfish is eaten too much by people in the country besides they are sold frozen in the grocery stores of the cities, on one hand the most typical drink in the country is called “Papelon”, it is prepared with a very cool water, lemon and Papelon (it is a kind of “sugar”; which is extracted from sugar reed and it is very common to consume it in the country) on the other hand, “Beers” is the most popular drink in the country, Venezuelan are used to drink them on weekends or when they are partying because they like it very much and also they love drinking beers besides Venezuela People is known around the world like: Highly sociable, funny, friendly and too cheers. On the other hand, Families in the country are formed by a legal marriage and a couple of a woman and a man, families just have no more than 3 or 4 children (depending of social status) the marriage couples have to support their children; it is really common to see single mothers and they have to work in order to get money for supporting their families by themselves. In Venezuela it is not necessary to get marry for having children, besides the divorce rate is up lately in the nation at 80% per year.
Sports in Venezuela is emphasized by Baseball Games being the most popular sport in the country, Venezuelan love the season of this kind of games duo to they enjoy watching their favorites teams and players as well on T.V. or in the baseball stadiums in live, of course drinking beers some of the most famous baseball teams are: Navegantes del Magallanes, Leones del Caracas, Tiburones de la Guaira, Cardenales de Lara among others. Furthermore, other sports in the nation are: football there is a national Team known as “La Vinotinto”, Basketball, Horses Racing, Swimming, Car Racing; Pastor Maldonado is a very good car racer of the F1 by Williams, too he is recognized around the world being the winner of the Spanish Championship this year.
Venezuela’s festivities are characterized by its history, customs and religions by the way Religion in the country, the majority of the beliefs are based on Roman Catholic however the Cristianism has increased a lot in the lastest years. In the country are several celebrations held all across the country and it depends on the area of each town and city; for example in Miranda State is held the festivity called: “Los Diablos de Yare”, on the other hand in Falcon state people is used to held “Los Locos de la Vela” on 28th November; it is about people dress up with crazy cloths, besides in the plans lands is held the famous “Toros Coleados” and also it is a kind of sport practiced by persons riding horse; the thing is that they have to gross a bull taking its tail and the person who lasts more is the winner. Next on July 24th is the Simon Bolivar’s Born Day the main heroes of the nation there many others festivities in the country, and I think this is a very funny nation to visit by tourists. The biggest parties in Venezuela are held in December the first is on 24th the Christmas day that is the biggest shopping day due to people likes to share gifts and open presents with friends and their families, of course there is a special meal: Dinner most of the Venezuelan are used to eat “Hallacas” (prepared with beef meat, pork, chicken, corn flour, many vegetables and covered with plantain leaf) Ham Sandwich; “Pan de Jamon” named by population in the town and Chicken Salad, adding drinking wine, cokes, beers, champagne whatever they want to drink is a rule for this main or Christmas meal and the second is on 31st deals with the end of the year followed by January 1st which is the first day of the year In fact!; They are the funniest days held by people in the land.
Now, it is already noticed some Venezuela’s features at the beginning of this summary about its Society and Culture, then it is going to start explaining some English Speaking countries’ characteristics that identify their society and culture and they will be Scotland, Wales located in The United Kingdom and United States of America placed in the Northern of the American Continent; known as the most powerful country worldwide.
Firstly, with literature in Scotland and Wales these countries belong to The United Kingdom so, they have some common features or similar which recognize them like a British Culture. For starting in Scotland there are two important writers named Walter Scotts and Robert Burns; they are Scottish literature writer of the romantic era, on one hand in 16th and in the 18th century the first book printed by the welsh Sir. John Price of Brecon besides another welsh William Morgan who translates the Bible into the Welsh language, other writers from Wales like Henry Vaughan and George Herbert starting their works in English language and they begins the English writing in the time, on the other hand some American writers in the 19th century are well known for instance: Edgar Allan Poe and Washington Irving who writes “Tom Walker and the Devil” as well James Funimore Cooper and Nathaniel Hawthorne. In the same century some American poetries and arts are known such as: Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman next some arts like: Gilbert Stuart, John Kensett and so on.
Kate Roberts is a very important welsh publisher as well as Carla Sassi and Alan Warner in Scotland each country has their particular literature and his great writers are immortalized now because of their extraordinary works.
English Speaking Countries’ Architecture and Sculpture.
Initially, the English countries are very famous duo to their amazing architecture for instance in Scotland the buildings that emphasized the architecture works are: Edinburg Castles, The Royal Museum and the St. George’s church; while in Wales has a very wealthy architecture among buildings and medieval Castles for example: The Beaumaris, Cardiff and The Bodelwyddan Castles among others. The Cardiff university is the main building of works related to architecture, of course the Tewkesbury Street and the LLandaff Cathedral are very important in Wales nation but thinking about American is relevant to mention skyscrapers of the country located such as: Empire State, New York Customs House and the St. Patrick Cathedral in New York City too, besides in the same city it is placed the most famous statue of the world “The Liberty Statue” the City has the most important and rich architecture works in the country moreover American’s Architecture is eclectic some examples of them are: The U.S. Embassy in London, Dulles International Airport, General Motor Technical Center; Warren Michigan, Simon Hall; Massachusetts, among others. Steven Holl is one of the best American Architect. These countries’ Architectures are related to their economy even, they deal with the development itself.
Sculpture in these countries has a great influence in their History that transmits knowledge, imagination and remembrance of the great sculptors from Wales, Scotland and America. The Sculpture Works are outstanding by each country themselves and they are really interesting, amazing and fabulous but the most important aspect is that most of them are related to the countries’ history and the ancestors. Sculptures can show art, so that some of the most important sculptors born in these ESC: Scotland, Wales, U.S.A. are: by Ireland; Eduardo Luigi Paolozzi; Edinburg College of Art in 1943 and other such as: In 1994 the Newton Statue, The Scottish National Gallery of Art; The wealth of Nations. In Wales, the most popular monument is The Pentreifan; dating back to about 3.500 b.c., recognized artists like: Robert Jakes, he makes Story Telling Seats, Benches among others. American Sculptures are based on the Folk Arts, The Italian years, the Paris years, public monuments, as a result having many kinds of styles like: Neoclassic, Naturalistic, Dramatic and Realistic and some of the most important American Sculptures are: Gravestone Boston 1934, Randolph Rogers 1856, Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. The White House, ( its position tries to say like he is watching the presidents of the American country in order to make sure that they are respectful with the democracy system and they also enforce the law as good and honorable U.S.A.’s presidents), Mount Rushmore; stone mountain: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln, Stone Mountain in Georgia, The most famous sculpture around the world and an American symbol: The Liberty Statue, on the other hand, some of the most significant sculptures in the American Land are the following: Frederick MacMonnis (1863-1937), Anne Whitney (1821-1915), Thomas Crawford (1814-1857), Gutzon Borglu (1867-1941) and Martin Milmore (1844-1883).
People loves music and these nations have their particular kinds of music that identify them as a town or community itself for instance in the United States of America there is a wide of variety of music because of the big population living there and it depends on its culture some of the most popular types of music in the nation are: Hip Hop, Country, Rhythm and blues, Jazz, Rock and Roll, Pop and some of the most famous singers are well known in the world: Mariah Carey, Michael Jackson, Britney Spears, Madonna, Elvis Presley, The Black Eyed Peas, Beyonce, Louis Amstrong, Billie Holliday, Ella Fitzgerald, James Charles R among others. Wales has a history of folk music related to the Celtic music of countries such as Ireland and Scotland, the main Orchestra there is Welsh Symphony, furthermore in Scotland is more relevant the Classical music, Opera and theaters.
Since 1998 there have been several orchestras in U.S.A.; but the biggest and most important are: Philadelphia, Cleveland; New York Philharmonic (Dudamel; he is a Venezuelan man who is the orchestra’s director nowadays) Chicago and Boston Symphony.
Cinema
The Cinema of Wales comprises the art of film and creative movies made in Wales or by Welsh filmmakers abroad, besides Wales has produced film directors of quality throughout its history are: Richard Marquand: Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi, Peter Greenaway, Terry Jones among others, in addition U.S.A. is well known by its cinema productions even, Hollywood is one of the most important movies studios located in L.A. some of the American Productions which are very important are: The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Titanic, King Kong, Avatar, The Godfather, among others, even in this country is also held the Oscar Awards every year that is the biggest prize for actors, actress and filmmakers in the world.
Traditions, Social Habits, Attitudes and Behavior.
Scottish customs and traditions cover a very Wide range of topics. Everything from kilts to Golf bagpipes to whisky, celtic crosses to Protestant missionary work, and the “second Sight” to Nessie. In wedding celebrations there is a reception after the ceremony and they usually send invitation before the ceremony guest, they are good drinkers of whiskey and wines, besides it is a popular place for young couples to get married, even they live together before being marriage, there are two ways for getting married in Scotland; a religious ceremony and a civil ceremony. The bride and groom jointly hold a cake cutter and cut the first pieces of the wedding cake, besides they have their own beliefs; a spring of white heather is usually worn as a button hole for good luck, it is the norm for the groom and much of the male bridal party and guests to wear kilt. On the other hand, Wales has preserved and developed and somewhat independent cultural identity, Welsh have a personality that can be described like this: passionate, hospitable, war, punctuality, they shake a hand with everyone. Structural Families in Wales there has been an annual decrease in the number of marriages in 2004 there were over almost 15.000 marriages, also there are all types of marriages as an example: Royal Wedding, Marriage Couple Model, even Gay marriages are totally legal, yet wearing a dress pin in the wedding deals with good luck and the bouquet is a symbol of love.
Americans tend to speak in a more direct manner that projects authority; moreover they are at the very top of the social ladder engage; for them education and being cultured are prime values. Race and Discrimination are features of this country, in spite of the immigrants who have arrived there. Family Structure in the American land is characterized by some types of family for instance: Traditional, Step Family, Single Parents and the Extended Families, in this nation as well as Scotland, Wales and Venezuela it is not necessary to get married for having children, also people can decide if they want to get married or not, it is legal the most important thing is that they should have money in order to support their family. Divorce has increased too much lately and it is totally legal in America and in almost everywhere, maybe it depends on religions and beliefs.
Typical Food
Each nation has its particular dishes that identify it as a civilization and it gets specific roles in the societies that generate culture around the earth. The food products are specifically based on the geography, history, economy and climate associated to the countries so in Scotland for example, the most national dish is called Haggis; made from lamb’s offal involved in a skin bag from the sheep’s stomach, also some other famous dishes eaten like: Scottish Beef, Scotch Broth or Hotch-Potch; as a dessert The Bannocks (Oatcakes), as a national drink and by the way, very known The Scotch Whiskey, plus another one is The Hot Toddy; that is An excellent cure for the common cold, or just when feeling down, on the other hand in Wales the most traditional food is The Cawl, perfect for autumn and winter season but can be adapted in many different ways, The Laverbread is made with seaweed found along the Welsh Coast Maritime; it is a delicacy and fashionable dish among people even for celebrities, next the traditional Welsh breakfast is grill, pork, sausages, black pudding, eggs, grill tomatoes, mushrooms (fried in butter), bake beans among others.
The United States of America is well known because of its particular dishes that are characterized by being most of them fast food and even they are popular and very sold worldwide, besides it is important to mention that this country has a wide of variety of immigrants arrived from many countries who have brought to the nation their own customs, culture, tradition and of course their exclusive type of food, some of the most “traditional” dishes in the country are the following: Pizza, Burgers, French fries, hot dogs, seafood, beef gravy (BBQ) but the habitual dish is named: Beef Stew (prepared with beef shoulder, carrot, potatoes, yellow onions, garlic, olive oil, salt and pepper) among others; for instance: McDonald’s is an American fast food restaurant which has many exemptions in all the countries around the world so this is actually the most popular and famous restaurant from U.S.A. for eating fast food, on the other hand The Apple Pie is the most important cake in the country and there are other types of sweet such as: Donnuts, Orange&Citrus and Ice creams love by most of the population, for drink Americans has this: Beer & Microbrews, Smoothies and Coffee-Blended Drinks
In Venezuela one of the most popular dish is “La Arepa”, even this kind of food is eaten in the countries named before, The “Arepa” is filled in pork, fish, meat, cheese, chicken eggs and so on; Countries’ The Traditional food are related to each other around the world and the most popular drinks in these countries are: coffee and beers.
Sports
In different countries many sports are practiced by population; some of them are usually more famous and popular in specific countries than other nations, for instance and they become the Official one for them, as we already know that in Venezuela the most popular sport is Baseball; in The United Kingdom depending on the states are practiced several sports as an example: Scotland’s Official sport is called The Scottish Rugby ( is almost played like football but players use their hands to handle the ball) as well as in Wales, the most important team in place is named: Wales Rugby, besides The Football is very popular in these places while In The Unites States of America; American Football is one of the most popular sport, moreover there are others that are practiced too much such as: Basketball,( NBA: National Basket American; the most famous one in the world where the big basketball players belong as an example: Kobe Bryan), Ice Hockey and Baseball Games Major League Baseball (MLB; Consisting of teams; 30 teams that play in American Baseball some of them are: Chicago Red Socks, N.Y. Yankees, Atlanta Braves among others, now in that Professional League are playing some Venezuelans as: Melvin Mora, Magglio Ordonez, Johan Santana, Andres Galarraga and so on; they are very good players.
English Speaking Countries have many kinds of festivities all across the land, for instance some Scotland, Wales and U.S.A.’s Festivities are Independence Day and they are held in all the countries worldwide because it represents a very history important day, Thankgiving Day is held in America as well as in Scotland, but there is something that is a worth for all of these nations, even in Venezuela; Christmas Day; this is the most popular and common festivity in the earth, also on January 1st is held the first day of the year.
The birth of Jesus is held in almost everywhere so it means Roman Chatolicism is the most popular religion followed by people in some places for instance in Venezuela and Scotland, however in Wales and U.S.A. The Religion that follows people there is Christianity, besides there are other religions and church standing in these countries such as: Prebisterian, Free Church, Episcopal Scottish Church, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Himduism, No Religions and so on. Population is just who keep living its own customs, traditions, beliefs, culture and society so it means for getting a main goal; being showed from generation to generation.
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